The popularization of autonomous driving technology has reshaped the operation mode of road traffic. Nevertheless, emerging risks arising from algorithm failures, hardware malfunctions, cyber threats and other technical defects have exerted severe impacts on China’s traditional motor vehicle insurance regime and relevant legal systems. At present, China lacks top-level national legislation governing autonomous driving and dedicated insurance rules for autonomous vehicles, while the traditional insurance system demonstrates poor adaptability to new scenarios, giving rise to numerous challenges including ambiguous liability boundaries, inconsistent judicial adjudication standards and backward claim settlement mechanisms. Based on differentiated risks corresponding to Level 2 to Level 4 autonomous driving, this paper adopts normative analysis, case analysis and comparative research methods, draws on advanced institutional experiences from foreign jurisdictions, and innovatively constructs a three-tiered insurance mechanism integrating basic protection, commercial supplementary coverage and subrogation and loss allocation. Breaking the research limitation of the traditional "human liability-oriented" paradigm, this study can provide theoretical and practical references for improving China’s autonomous driving insurance system, innovating insurance products and realizing standardized industrial development.
insurance system; traffic accidents of autonomous vehicles; liability insurance; applicable value.
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